Educator and interpreter Joseph McGill founded the Slave Dwelling Project as a living history lesson. Thinks about people at home. Grain and food were raised for local use. So using a $100,000 corporate grant from Dominion, one of the nations largest producers and transporters of energy, society researchers began examining some of its 8 million manuscripts that Virginia residents have been giving to the historical society since its founding in 1831. is brandon hall plantation haunted? Chilly weather. CNNs Athena Jones reported from Richmond, Virginia and Michael Martinez contributed from Los Angeles. Amateur genealogist Crasty Johnson of Richmond said she hopes the sites will help her trace her roots back to the 1800s. whole race. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. But Woods name never made it into the history books. An 1858 runaway slave ad for Elijah, who said Gerard Brandon was his owner, is in the Runaway Slaves in Mississippi project, edited by Douglas Chambers and Max Grivno, on p.536. This database is a compilation of information on over four thousand slaves from Louisiana who were involved in manumission (the formal emancipation from slavery) between 1719 and 1820. On the page opposite the list of deaths, there are also notations about Middletons expenses. 5-11: a debit and credit ledger for the trip; debits begin on 5 (numbered by Brandon as 7) and then are carried over on 8 through 11, with a final total (summed by me from Brandons subtotals) of $19,145.60 in expenses by February 2; credits begin page 6 (numbered by Brandon as 8) and then continue on 13 to 14, where a final total made by Brandon on February 2 shows $10,168.25 in credits, Begin August 1863 entry. He then traveled on to Texas via these stops, according to a list on an unnumbered page of his journal: If he followed marked roads out of Alexandria to the Sabine River, then he would have gone through Natchitoches, but that road would have taken him to Milam, Texas, not Sabinetown. Property is 45 acres and one of the few private driveways directly off the Natchez Trace Parkway. So you may not know you have Virginia ancestors, but you could.. From 1914 until the present, Brandon Hall Plantation has had ten owners. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. 1844, d. 1900; married Aaron Tip Stanton on October 12, 1865), James C. Jim Brandon (b. "My mistress gave me my freedom," Wood later said, "and my papers were recorded." All accommodations at this luxury home have private in-room (not shared) bathrooms. Discusses leaving Poole with a power of attorney, and one with Bennett if Poole becomes indisposed. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. On October 29, 1840, Charlotte Hoggatt married Gerard Brandon III, who was the son of an early Governor of Mississippi and the grandson of a Revolutionary War Hero of the same name. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new. Ella Brandon Stantons daughter, Charlotte Brandon (1866-1936), married Dunbar Surget Merrill. The sale included 1,514 7 /10 acres and a town lot and buildings in Mt Pleasant. 3:10 PM EST, Mon February 6, 2012. A second ferry location is illegible, but he also paid for ferries across Cocodrie Bayou and Cross Bayou. 1842 wing of the residence. In 1889, he was one of the first African-American graduates of what became Northwestern University's School of Law. If you are as captivated as I am, then spend as much time as you like, browsing through their historic beauty! His overseers are John Lyle (born in Kentucky) and William Hurley (born in Scotland, accompanied by his wife Rose). The Civil War began, followed in 1863 by the Emancipation Proclamation, but Wood's ordeal continued. You have to read between the lines: Oh, they mention Amy in a letter, and then you have to read another letter in the collection to realize that Amy is a slave and not a family member, Levengood said. Robertson offers him use of land, offers to put the deal in writing in Belton. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. Begins November 10 entry. how Texas has been over stated. Hover over the town names to trace her tortuous path from slavery to freedomand back. ), so Poole (overseer) left, presumably with slaves. When possible, I have also noted the dates of Brandons entries. Ownership was also an investment: purchased children and adults may or may not have been . Begins August 24 entry: no beef as yet now for four days. Slaves dissatisfied. Reflections on number of slaves he has brought: I am now content & feel if I can take care of what I have, I shall do very well., Doesnt like to hire out, & to feed them in idleness, they will soon eat their heads off. Learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 or 1500 negroes moved into the region. Someone offers to speak up in Brandons defense, as mine looked clean & orderly. Williams has sent a ham, bucket of butter, & three water mellons. Begins August 29 entry: demands from persons wanting to hire negroes.. Hes hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his work. The first part is an inventory of stores taken on the first day on which Forster Clarke entered on the management of the Estate (11 July 1803). That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. The study found 3,777 Negro slave owners in the United States. herculoids gloop and gleep sounds must be sold out of this section, or hung, or I must move, as my negroes might be the cause of all the negroes being dissatisfied and many a man might loose his property by my coming here. Tours Robertsons college, then under construction. Charles S. Darden The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. After 1815, as white settlers rushed into the lower Mississippi River Valley, many looked to purchase slaves to cultivate the region's most profitable crop. ADAMS Formed in 1799 from Natchez District Anchorage Plantation North - Griffith Auburn Plantation - Duncan Avalange Plantation - Harper ] stream. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices the whole amounting to $32016. Slaves at the Boone Hall Plantation & Gardens. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. If you are interested in a house, all information, including: price, status, neighborhood, condition, etc., must be independently verified. Mitchell.. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. The gang located Wood's employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Anyone who knows me well knows that my imaginary dream house is a Spanish villa or a Colonial period house. Wood's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. My mistress gave me my freedom, Wood later said, and my papers were recorded. Wood spent the next several years performing domestic work around Cincinnati. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. Slaves from West Africa were first brought over to grow rice. Even the judge who presided over Wood's case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. Its a database for the ones that are coming up. In the same tax rolls is a J. Brandon is an historic plantation located on the south shore of the James River in Prince George County, Virginia. Evangeline Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat. Cirodes daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirodes manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. In the 1870 census, a 52-year-old Gerard Brandon is listed as a planter in Adams County, Mississippi. They lived in this original dwelling until 1853, when they began construction of Brandon Hall which was completed in 1856. All Rights Reserved. This was the most valuable property they owned, and they wanted to make sure it was recorded. It almost makes me sick. Severe rain and wind. did desi arnaz jr have a stroke; moose tracks vs cow tracks ice cream W. Caleb McDaniel is a professor of history at Rice University. Sanford has gone to Monroe, returned about the 1st, and the authorities say I have not had any negroes in their hands. Hears that the Yankees had not molested anyone in our neighborhood, & all were getting on pretty well. Sanford saw a family wash their feet in the skillet in which they had cooked their supper! Varina Banks Howell, dau of William & Margaret Howell, married Jefferson Davis on Feb 26, 1845 in the parlor of The Briars. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. Wood was an early contributor to a long tradition of formerly enslaved people and their descendants demanding redress. (pg 45a-46a), Adams County, Mississippi: 93 enslaved people were listed under Gerard Brandon, trustee for wife and children. (pg 46a-46b), Concordia Parish, Louisiana: 113 enslaved people are listed under G. Brandon of Canebrake (the, Tensas Parish, Louisiana: 81 enslaved people are listed under Gerard Brandon of Monclova. The couple had numerous children, though only five survived into adulthood; four daughters died of natural causes during the Civil War. Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected, the New York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. Headed back to TX today using same route Brandon took with slaves, including Wood, in 1863. Begins December 27 entry. Photograph: Jessica Crawford. In 1969, civil rights leader James Forman issued a manifesto calling on churches and synagogues to pay half a billion dollars in reparations to black Americans. Has dinner with a woman who is hard on all who were not in the army, two soldiers from Vicksburg also critical of Mississippians. Begins December 24 entry. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine Wood spent the next several years performing domestic work around Cincinnati. The plantation, founded in 1681, is one of the oldest working plantations in the US. (this book has a wealth of info on slaves - since many of the people listed were freed in wills - details of emancipation are there as well as detailed physical descriptions) I am aware of the hands that built it, and the literal blood, sweat, and tears that entailed. This structure still exists as the "basement" of the present house known as Brandon Hall. Updated It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. We may receive a commission for purchases made through these links. Documents citing slaves go back to the 1690s: Thats when slavery starts to grow fast in Virginia and other English colonies, Levengood said. This page also contains the line: Henrietta conducts herself well, as did some other enslaved people mentioned by name.9 But Brandon says I am really tired, sick of them and being with them, a perfect dogs life, & will disgust anyone with the . When the Horlbeck family bought the plantation in 1817, they opened up a brickyard and began producing bricks using the clay from the nearby Wampacheone Creek. Before the Civil War, large Southern rice and cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully. Elsewhere in the database is a stark description of the sale of slaves and goods in a February 11, 1858, typed letter from slaveholder William Daniel Cabell of Benvenue in Nelson County, Virginia, to his wife, Elizabeth Nicholas Cabell. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. When he died in 1951, after a long career as a lawyer, he left behind a large clan of descendants who were able to launch professional careers of their own, even as redlining and other racially discriminatory practices put a chokehold on the South Side neighborhoods where they lived. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. Terms of Use The advanced search fields include the slaves first name or last name; gender; occupation; owners last name; date range; and record type. The Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names website is the first online resource listing slaves names across all of slaveholding Virginia, the nations oldest state which had the largest enslaved population, numbering a half million people, at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, society officials said. II, p. 817, which claimed that at the beginning of the Civil War, Brandon owned a million dollars worth of slaves. The free, public website also provides a high-resolution copy of the antique documents that identify the slave. Absence of farm animals on the list indicates strongly oriented cotton plantation. He says he has made some rough notes of incidents to share with her and intended to send them with Jim (his son) but cannot well do without the book., Based on his diary of the trip, Brandon left in early summer 1863. this property for them for I have seen sights of trouble more than I can ever describe or make them sensible of. Begins August 13 entry. Wonderful site.. Visits another refugee family, hears some incidents they had heard of the occupation of Natchez. Legal trouble with Hughes.12 Talks to lawyer A. Advertising Notice Chew constructed the first permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820. While Wood received $2,500 as compensation for more than 16 years of unpaid labor, her former enslaver, Ward, left an estate worth at least $600,000 when he died in 1894, a multimillionaire in today's terms. The site is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and the final tour starts at 4 p.m. The mill is out of fix, & too bad to get up a beef and all hands are on short rations. Thoughts of home. Often there was a human connection, and they grew up with these people, and they recorded their birth dates and deaths. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much As one put it, Wood's award was "not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty" she had suffered, but it would "be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.". My children must thank me for the attempt to save [?] Researching black folk is difficult, so anytime you can find a new resource its always good to investigate, he said. He feels they are ungrateful even though he has done all he could to make them comfortable, I wont say satisfied. Wishes Poole had them on a place where had full work for them, could make them feel tired at night, & where others observed discipline, he might get along very well. His enslaved people have a wide freedom of movement at night, in a land where most of the people have no slaves, & have never been used to them, & where many say they want one for company. He fears how Poole will get along when I am gone. He will leave strict laws. Begins September 6 entry, awakened again at night by the cry of dogs & the yelling of men., Able reports a runaway, disputes over stolen money and trading done by Bill. Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manumission Records, 1719-1820. The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchez's infamous Forks of the Road slave market. Reflects on James in the field. His wife Charlotte (age 49) and his children Mary (15) and Charles (5) are listed as fellow members of the household. They also said that Wards alleged crimes had occurred too far in the pasta recurring argument against reparations. Enough to make a man gloomy. Reads Ellas letter. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. But Gerard Rickey notes in an email from November 23, 2016, that there is also a Henrietta mentioned in the memoir of James Brandons son Gerard Brandon (the nephew of the GB who owned Henrietta Wood). This list is by no means complete. Wards lawyers stalled, claiming that her failed antebellum suit for freedom proved his innocence. "Brandon was a very rich man," Wood later said. He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. Not only business operations and day-to-day labor routines, but family affairs, the roles of women, racial attitudes, relations between masters and slaves, social and cultural life, the values shared by members of the planter class, and This was good for me, however. Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. Begin August 20 entry. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly one million people were sold down the river.. Sign up so you don't miss a single old house!!! not the care, pains & comfort in fixing up places. He couldnt find corn. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. Captivating Houses, Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. Two days earlier, the jury had watched as Wood took the stand; her son, Arthur, who lived in Chicago, was in the courtroom. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Virginia that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, other historic registers, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Wood's kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. Today, the opulent residence, which was . Eats well on the road. I cant quite tell my age, Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. H. Weir of Centerville, who hit me a dig.. 33 slave dwellings were also noted. The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. In December 2009 the home was purchased by Ron and Kathy Garber of Lafayette, Louisiana, who opened it for Bed and Breakfast accommodation. Brandon owning 287 horses, cattle, sheep & miscellaneous property, valued at $2120, and no real estate. The Brandons were harvesters of cotton, sugarcane, and indigo and owned 700 slaves. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. The Liberator: A Weekly Newspaper Devoted to the Cause of Good Government and the Advancement of the American Negro, Los Angeles, California, 29 November 1912, page 5. Were recorded. wont say satisfied by his wife Rose ) was someone do. Freedom, Wood was an early contributor to a French immigrant, William,... Ham, bucket of butter, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters the town to. 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